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U.S. Military HONORS! Page-07
 
 
The Tenth Fleet

A WWII US Navy Fleet that never had a ship
Fleet Admiral King
Ernest J. King
Fleet Admiral, USN
  The Tenth Fleet established its headquarters in Washington DC under Commander in Chief United States Fleet Admiral Ernest J. King to coordinate United States anti-submarine operations in the Atlantic.

It was a unique organization within the United States Navy -- it never put to sea, it had no ships, and never had more than about 50 people in its organization.

After the surrender of Germany in May 1945 Tenth Fleet was disbanded in June 1945.


An excerpt from the paper: ULTRA and the campaign against the U-BOATS in WWII
by Commander Jerry C. Russell United States Navy

    "The Tenth Fleet was formally established on 20 May 1943 and was known as "the fleet without a ship." The Tenth Fleet had its origins in a small unit called the Atlantic Fleet Antisubmarine Warfare Unit which was established in Boston. This small unit reported to the Commander in Chief, Atlantic Fleet. Having been set up on 7 February 1942, its function was to plan anti-U-boat patrol and detection activities on the Atlantic Coast.

    During a visit by the Coordinator of Research and Development the availability of scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology working for the National Defense Research Committee was discussed. This was the origin of the Antisubmarine Warfare Operational Research Group (ASWORG) composed of civilian scientist who were instrumental in the technical advances that kept the United States antisubmarine warfare forces ahead of the U-boats.

    Shortly after the scientists were brought in, the small Boston unit was transferred to COMINCH headquarters and became the nucleus of the Anti-Submarine Division, which eventually evolved into the Tenth Fleet."

Fleet Admiral King's 3rd and Final report to SecNav in Dec 1945


Here are some internet search results.
The "Tenth Fleet" is referenced in each website linked belew.

  • Allan R. McCann, Vice Admiral, USN
  • U-Boat Net
  • The Battle of the Atlantic: Allied Naval Intelligence in World War II
  • TWD -- World War II: The War at Sea
  • US Navy, Strategic Planning
  • Sources For Individual Ship Study
  • Anti-Submarine Warfare
  • THE TENTH FLEET - the book, by Farago Ladislas
  • World War II: American Theater
  • 10th Fleet records of individual convoys and Movement Report Cards
  • Linked HERE >>> FROM HERE >>> FROM MERCHANT MARINE


    GoldStar Mothers - Gold Star Wives

    1930-1933 Gold Star Mothers
    Pilgrimage to World War One
    European grave sites

    In March 1929, eleven years after World War I, the U.S. Congress passed a law authorizing the use of government funds to pay for mothers and widows of fallen veterans to visit their loved ones buried on the battlefields of Europe. This unprecedented program honoring the "Gold Star" mothers and widows was entrusted to the Quartermaster Corps for proper and faithful execution.

    At 11:30 a.m. on Friday, 7 February 1930, in the Red Room of the White House, Mrs. Lou Henry Hoover, the President’s wife, reached into a large silver bowl and pulled out the first of 54 unsealed envelopes. Each had in it a card bearing the name of a state or overseas territory. The first state picked was Nebraska -- and the card was instantly handed over to The Quartermaster General.

    Two hundred and thirty-one women boarded the Quartermaster steamer S.S. America on 7 May 1930 and left New York harbor for Europe. Over the next three years, ending with the return of the S.S. Washington in August 1933, some 6,693 Gold Star mothers and war widows had made the pilgrimage abroad. No nation before or since has ever so honored the women whose sons and husbands gave their lives in the service of their country.

    Image and text above from US ARMY Quartermaster History - Compiled by Dr. Steven Anders, U.S. Army Quartermaster Corps Historian, Fort Lee, Virginia.

    Aunt Kass's Gold Star Mother Pilgrimage      This page is linked from HERE which is a section of the excellent and very extensive GREAT WAR SOCIETY website which is linked from the ultimate internet World war One resource page titled TRENCHES ON THE WEB. If you like history, this should not be passed by.
    From National Archives and Records Administration Magazine,
    PROLOGUE QUARTERLY of the Summer 1999, vol. 31, no. 2
    World War I Gold Star Mothers Pilgrimages, Part I
    By Constance Potter
    In 1930, Mrs. Goldberg was one of the Gold Star Mothers, *** and leader of the Yonkers NY contingent that visted the graves and battle sites in France. An interesting side note, that the medal and trip were before WWII started that WWI was called THE WORLD WAR in the documentation that came with the medal. Here is the medallion that she wore during the trip to France.
    (*** Note: This page is linked from HERE)

    Homepages for the
    Gold Star Mothers
     
    Gold Star Wives

    Two articles from the West Point Bicentennial website
    Gold Star Mothers Copied from here
    Gold Star Wives Copied from here   Both linked from here

    WWII Poster - Who Talked?Text copied from Union County NC
    Gold Star Mothers Today

    AMERICAN GOLD STAR MOTHERS
    2128 Leroy Place, NW
    Washington, DC 20008
    (202) 265-0991

    Founded: 1928

    Natural mothers whose sons or daughters died in the line of duty in the armed forces during World Wars I and II, the Korean Conflict, the Vietnam hostilities, or in other strategic areas.

    Seeks to: inspire patriotism and a sense of individual obligation to the community, state,and nation; assist veterans and their dependents with claims made to the Veterans Administration; perpetuate the memory of individuals who died in our wars; promote peace and good will for the U.S. and all other nations.

    Mothers works as volunteers in VA Medical Centers and at Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund.

    ( WWII poster: Gold Star Flag )


    Operation Gold Star
    Sponsored by The National Dusters, Quads and Searchlights Association (DQS)
    DefenseLINK News: Gold Star Mothers: Helping Others Help Themselves
    Directory of Veterans Service Organizations

    From the U.S. Government printing Office:
    The US CODE - ELECTRONIC EDITION
    http://www.access.gpo.gov/uscode/index.html
    CHAPTER 211--AMERICAN GOLD STAR MOTHERS, INCORPORATED
    CHAPTER 805--GOLD STAR WIVES OF AMERICA
    CHAPTER 305--BLUE STAR MOTHERS OF AMERICA, INC.
    TITLE 36--PATRIOTIC AND NATIONAL OBSERVANCES, CEREMONIES, AND ORGANIZATIONS SUBTITLE I--PATRIOTIC AND NATIONAL OBSERVANCES AND CEREMONIES
    PART A--OBSERVANCES AND CEREMONIES
    CHAPTER 1-- PATRIOTIC AND NATIONAL OBSERVANCES
      Observing GOLD STAR MOTHERS DAY
      TITLE 36 -- PATRIOTIC AND NATIONAL OBSERVANCES, CEREMONIES, AND ORGANIZATIONS

      Subtitle I--Patriotic and National Observances and Ceremonies
      Part A--Observances and Ceremonies
      CHAPTER 1--PATRIOTIC AND NATIONAL OBSERVANCES
      Sec. 111. Gold Star Mother's Day
      (a) Designation. -- The last Sunday in September is Gold Star Mother's Day.
      (b) Proclamation.-- The President is requested to issue a proclamation calling on United States Government officials to display the flag of the United States on all Government buildings, and the people of the United States to display the flag and hold appropriate meetings at homes, churches, or other suitable places, on Gold Star Mother's Day as a public expression of the love, sorrow, and reverence of the people for Gold Star Mothers.

     
    Yes there are also
    Blue Star Mothers
    DefenseLINK News:
    Blue Star Mothers
    Offer Constant Care 
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    Left, poster:
    WWII Blue Star flag

     
    .... also
    Blue Star Wives
    Source: NARA
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    Left, poster:
    Another WWII Blue Star flag
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